Drizzle half of the olive oil onto each tray, then sprinkle with half the seasonings onto each tray. Mix the vegetables with your hands until evenly coated.
Place into the oven and bake for 20 minutes (do not stir!). Remove the pans from the oven, rotate them, and roast another 10 minutes (for 30 minutes total) until tender and lightly browned.
Meanwhile, cook the pasta: Bring a large pot of heavily salted water to a boil. Add the pasta and cook until al dente. Set the timer for a few minutes less than the package instructions and then taste: the pasta should be just done, still with some firmness. Drain the pasta and return it to the pot. (If it’s done before the vegetables, toss it with a drizzle of olive oil to prevent sticking.)
To the pot with the pasta, add the marinara sauce, roasted vegetables, and Parmesan cheese. Taste and adjust seasonings as desired. Stir in goat cheese if using, and serve with a protein adder on the side or in the pasta. Garnish with extra Parmesan cheese.